In The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword for the Wii, you can upgrade the slingshot at the Scrap Shop by collecting various items throughout the world.
Here is the slighshot upgrade, and what you need to collect to upgrade it.
Scattershot – Upgraded From: Slingshot, Cost: 50 Rupees, Ingredients: 2 Amber Relics, 2 Dusk Relics, 3 Jelly Blobs
Check out my full upgrade guide if you’re looking for the other upgrades for equipment, potions, and wallets.