In The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword for the Wii, you can upgrade the potions in the game at the Scrap Shop by collecting various bugs with your bug net throughout the world, and bringing them to the Infusion Shop in the Skyloft Bazaar.
Here are the potion upgrades, and the bugs you need to collect to upgrade them.
Air Potion+ : Cost: 20 Rupees, Ingredients: 2 Lanayru Ants, 2 Sky Stag Beetles, 2 Skyloft Mantises
Guardian Potion+ : Cost: 40 Rupees, Ingredients: 3 Blessed Butterflies, 2 Eldin Rollers, 1 Faron Grasshopper, 3 Starry Fireflies
Heart Potion+ : Cost: 20 Rupees, Ingredients: 3 Blessed Butterflies, 1 Volcanic Ladybug, 1 Woodland Rhino Beetle
Heart Potion++ : Cost: 30 Rupees, Ingredients: 3 Blessed Butterflies, 3 Deku Hornets, 1 Eldin Roller, 1 Sand Cicada
Revitalizing Potion+ : Cost: 20 Rupees, Ingredients: 3 Deku Hornets, 2 Skyloft Mantises, 2 Woodland Rhino Beetles
Revitalizing Potion++ : Cost: 30 Rupees, Ingredients: 1 Gerudo Dragonfly, 3 Lanayru Ants, 1 Sand Cicada, 2 Woodland Rhino Beetles
Stamina Potion+ : Cost: 20 Rupees, Ingredients: 1 Faron Grasshopper, 2 Gerudo Dragonflies, 2 Sky Stag Beetles, 3 Volcanic Ladybugs
Check out my full upgrade guide if you’re looking for the other upgrades for equipment, potions, and wallets.